The Republic of Ireland is a sovereign, independent, democratic and republic State. The Irish language is the national language and the first official language of the Republic of Ireland. The English language is recognized as the second official language. The capital of this country is Dublin and the country dialing code is +353. The currency of this country is Euro. Republic of Ireland shares its only land border with Northern Ireland, which is a part of the United Kingdom.
The Republic of Ireland affirms its inalienable, indefeasible and sovereign right to choose its own form of Government and to determine its relations with other nations. Fidelity to the nation and loyalty to the State are the fundamental political duties of all citizens according to the Constitution of the Republic of Ireland.
Ireland is unitary in structure and it has parliamentary form of governance. The national Parliament is referred to as Oireachtas and it consists of the President and two Houses. As per the Constitution of Ireland, the Houses of the Oireachtas shall sit in or near the city of Dublin or in such other place as they may from time to time determine. The sole and exclusive power of making laws for the State is vested in the Oireachtas however provision may be made by law for the creation or recognition of subordinate legislatures and for the powers and functions of these legislatures.
Like the Preamble to the Constitution of India and United States of America, the Preamble to the Constitution of Ireland also mentions ‘We the People’ depicting that the source of the Irish Constitution is from the people. It is the people of Ireland who adopted, enacted and gave to themselves the Constitution.
As per the Constitution of Ireland, the Irish nation affirms its inalienable, indefeasible and sovereign right to choose its own form of government along with determining its relations with other nations. The Irish nation also affirms to develop its life, political, economic and cultural in accordance with its own genius and traditions. The term inalienable means something that cannot be transferred or taken away from a person and the term indefeasible means something that cannot be overturned or be declared as void.
The Irish nation cherishes its special affinity with people of Irish ancestry living abroad who share its cultural identity and heritage. Every person born or qualified in accordance with the law shall be a part of the Irish nation.
All powers of the government are exercisable only by or on the authority of the organs of the state that are established by the Constitution.
As per the Constitution: The national flag shall be tricolor of green, white and orange. The Irish language as the national language is recognized as the first official language whereas the English language is recognized as the second official language. However, provisions may be made by law for the exclusive use of either languages for any one or more official purposes, either throughout the State or in any part thereof.